Fuel mixing chamber



Feb 27, 1951 J. P. HARRISON FUEL MIXING CHAMBER Filed Oct. 7, 1948 \K v@WW M Vk mm mm mm mm MN I. YR

5 72 2 k IIFMJI 2 9. 6 Z Z/% Yk vA3 i n 2 w V WmL OZ m M%W@ 5 \v k 5 8 53 7 3 INVENTOR JOHN P. HARRiSON,

flhtiwm A T TOR/VEVJ Patented Feb. 27, 1951 UN lTliD STATES; 05F FICE...

FUEL MIXING CHAMBER J ohn P. Harrison, Versailles, Ind..

Application October-'7, 1948, Serial-No.-53,-295'- 3;'Claims.= (Cl.48..-180') My" present inventionxrelates to ifuelimixingy chambers andhas for its:objectitozprovider.a device which will more thoroughlymix-gliquid; and gaseous fuels to bringjabout tamore-tcompletescombustion of the mixture when used in-internal combustion engines,,heatingj devices :or: the :like.

The consumption of high: speed'engineszinuse at the presenttime is sogreat that fuel from the carburetor is channelized atthe core of the airstream resulting in a'mixturewhichisricher in this channel andprogressively leanertoward itsperiphery. As an example of thisaccelerated. fuel demand it is appropriate .to. observe that as singlecylinder four cycleengine-operating at 3600 R. P. M. will havesuccessive intake-strokes: at intervals of ,of asecond. It is"obvious-.that.- the limited amount of affinity.betweentfuelzandi air requirestoo much time to .effect a:uniform: mixture in the ordinary fuel line:and since-ibis mechanically impractical to provide. an intake.- a

pipe of an infinite length between. the =..car.buretor and engine therearises the. necessityv of producing ameans of forcingsuch aimixture;

Itis accordingly; a further :obj ect of :my; inven- 4 tion to takethemixtureasit comes "from the carburetor and divide it so thatpart'goes-through; one channel and the remainder through two other,channels where it is: finely "dividedrby; pressing through many hundreds.of orifices and so merged. with the-fuel in the first channel.

Another object of my-present invention. is. to produce an efiicientgas'mixing chamber. which. is compact in 1 design 4 thereby occupying.a-mini mum of space in the mechanical apparatus with: which it may beused..

Stillother objects and advantages will become apparent from thefollowingdescription of the present. invention illustrated in theaccompany-.- ing drawing in which:

Figure 1 is aplan view of the device.

Figure 2 is an enlarged sectionalviewtakenon line 2-2-01? Fig. 1,thecoactingrpartsiof the carburetor and. intake manifold. being. shown.fragmentarily.

Figure 3 is a partial plan view. of one.ofv the. perforated mixingplates.

Similar reference characters. in. the. several. figures indicatesimilar. parts..

Referring first to Fig. 2.. of the. drawing, I. indicates apipe leading.from a. carburetor. or. mixing valve (not shown),.which.supplies. acorn:bustible mixturev to.theintake..manifold; 21, of. aninternal combustionengine or heating device.

Conveniently, locatedbetween the pipe. I. and. manifold .2.is amixing;ohamber..3;prvided with ashallownylindrical body portion diand amating. circular cover .5.-. A circular horizontal fiangefii isslocatedat the top of :the bodyland cooperates. with a groove ".formediion theinner face :of the;

cover '5 to "holdxagasket 'l'lforming .an air tight sealwhen thebodyaand cover. are rigidly. joined.

by a plurality of metal rivetsifl; passing through: alined apertures '9;uniformly distributed. around I the peripheries .of the cover. and thebody flange:

A.boss: lll-fforined-onv the .1 outer; face. of a the. cover 5isprovided with.;a .pairof threaded holes..-

Thesea bolts;

I l .to;;receive connecting bolts. 12. passethrough apertures: 13;carried by an abut: ment'flange. Mon the-:end of the carburetor out: letor pipe and-by such. means the mixing chamr bertassembly is rigidlyfixed tothecarburetcr; A similaraattaching arrangement isaprovided atthe opposite endofztheimixing chamber for securing the .boss [5 on thebodytoafiangelfi located on the intakemanifold of the engine.

Suspended within the 'abovedescribed casing. by means ofspacer posts I1,is a circular mixing. plate orzdisc l8 which cooperates with the innersurface I9 =-of .the cover: to form a radial channel 20. The channel 20is sealed at its periphery by a ring flange 2i projecting from the faceof they cover 5 aclistance equal to the length of the posts ll.- Thering 2| performs a dual purpose in that italsoprovides one faceof theangular groove 2!] mentioned above as the recipient of body flange 5..

The mixingplate !8 contains a central aperture 22.:alinedwithand ofequal diameter to an intake throat 23 in the cover. The plate is fur,-

therprovided with an infinite number of small orifices Zllpositioned ina staggered arrangement so that any part of astream of fuel mixture.

moving radially-from the center of the chamber toward the outer, edgeof. the. channel 29, will have to. pass some of theseorifices.

Ilocate aplurality .ofsupporting posts 25 on the inner surface 26. of?the body. member. These supports are of greater length than the posts.ll, previously. mentioned and have fixed ,to their upper ends an.imperviousdisc 2'! which coacts with the surface 26 of the body toforma radiating discharge channel.28.. This channel surrounds the outlet,or. throat 29in the boss, IEpfthechamber body.

Securedtothe periphery of the upper surface of .the .discfil'isaring-shapedcspacer 30- which carries. a,. second mixing plate'SI.spaced. equi distantly between theplate. I8 and disc Q21. The

mixing plate 3| cooperates with plateJSand disc.

2} .to respectively define. radiating. channels 32' and 33. The channel32, which for the purpose of illustration, may be termed theintermediate channel, is open at its lower peripheral edge anddischarges into a vertical cylindrical passageway 34 defined by the rim35 of the body 3 and the ring-shaped spacer 30. The passageway 34 itwill be observed is also a continuation of the outer circular edge ofthe aforementioned discharge channel 28.

The channel 33 being sealed at its periphery by the spacing ring 30 hasfor its outlet an infinite number of orifices 36, similar in plan to theaforementioned orifioes 24. Mixing plate 3| likewise has a centralaperture 31 which assists the corresponding aperture of plate I8 inoutlining a well-like extension of the intake throat 23, the bottom ofwhich is defined by the disc 21.

In determining the vertical depth of the three radiating channels asviewed in Fig. 2, the cooperating surfaces of the elements are so spacedthat the combined cylindrical inlet areas of the channels as defined bythe intersection of the channels and the central well will be equal tothe cross sectional area of the inlet throat.

The orifices 2d and 36 are preferably of small diameter and numerous inquantity so as to provide each mixing plate with a more effective fueldividing operation. The total combined area of the orifices 24 and 36 isimmaterial as long as the minimum number in such area provide an ampledischarge of the fuel metered by their respective channels. Thus, if acarburetor having a 1 inch throat is used the minimum number of orificesof .04 inch diameter in each mixing plate will be 491, making a total ofat least 982 orifices spraying into the intermediate channel. It will ofcourse be understood that the number of spraying orifices may be furtherincreased thereby increasing the effectiveness of the mixing plates.

Since the area of channel 32 progressively increases from the center, itwill be seen that it thus accommodates additional fluid as injected fromthe outer channels by the orifices. The passageway 34 and dischargechannel 28 are accordingly of sufiicient cross sectional area thusaccommodating the combined output of the three metering channels 32 and33.

In the operation of the device the mixture from the carburetor is drawnthrough the throat 23 into the central well formed by the apertures inthe mixing plates. The mixture then takes three separate routes. A partflows through the intermediate channel, defined by the plates [8 and SI,and that remaining is divided between the two outer channels 20 and 33.Thence the fluid is forced through the infinite number of interstices 24and 36 which causes it to be finely divided and sprayed into theintermediate stream in channel 32 for thorough mixing with such stream.The effectively mixed fuel then flows through the passageway 34 into thedischarge channel 28 from which it is fed to the intake manifold of theengine.

From the foregoing description of the present invention, it will be seenthat by the use of profusely perforated plates set in spaced relation toeach other I am able to divide the carburetor mixture into separatestreams of which the outermost is sprayed back into the intermediatestream for complete mixing. The structure presents a compact andeffective device for providing an internal combustion or heatingapparatus with thoroughly comminuted and mixed fuel for economic andefficient operation.

While a preferred form of the invention has 4 been shown and described,it will be understood that variations in details of form may be madewithout departure from the invention as defined in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A device for mixing fuel comprising a casing having, an end wall andan inlet opening substantially centrally located in said wall, saidcasing also having an outlet opening; a first plate, a second plate andan imperforate disc all parallel to said wall and successively spacedtherefrom and from one another to form parallel channels between thewall and the first plate, between the plates and between the secondplate and the disc; each of said plates having a central aperture inalignment with the inlet opening and each also having a multiplicity ofsmall orifices surrounding the aperture; means radially exterior of theorifice in said first plate closing the channel between said wall andsaid first plate; means radially exterior of the orifices in said secondplate and enclosing the channel between said plate and said disc, saiddisc and the wall of the casing opposite the aforementioned end wallforming at least in part a channel for conducting mixed fuel from thechannel between said plates to said outlet; whereby fuel is taken inthrough the inlet opening and the fuel from the channels between thewall and the first plate and between the second plate and the disc areinjected into the fuel in the channel between the plates by way of saidorifices and the mixture is discharged through the outlet opening.

2. A device for mixing fuel comprising a casing having an end wall andan inlet opening in said wall, said casing also having an outletopening; a first plate, a second plate and an imperforate disc allsubstantially parallel to said wall and successively spaced therefromand from one another to form substantially parallel channels between thewall and the first plate, between the plates and between the secondplate and the disc; each of said plates having a central aperture insubstantial alignment with the inlet opening and each also having amultiplicity of small orifices surrounding the aperture; means radiallyexterior of the orifices in said first plate closing the channel betweensaid wall and said first plate; means radially exterior of the orificesin said second plate and closing the channel between said plate and saiddisc, said disc and the wall of the casing opposite the aforementionedend wall forming at least in part a channel for conducting mixed fuelfrom the channel between said plates to said outlet; whereby fuel istaken in through the inlet opening and the fuel from the channelsbetween the wall and the first plate and between the second plate andthe disc are injected into the fuel in the channel between the plates byway of said orifices and the mixture is discharged through the outletopening.

3. A device for mixing fuel comprising a casing having an end wall andan inlet opening in said wall, said casing also having an outletopening, a first plate, a second plate and an imperforate disc allsubstantially parallel to said wall and successively spaced therefromand from one another to form substantially parallel channels between thewall and the first plate, between the plates and between the secondplate and the disc; each of said plates having a central aperture insubstantial alignment with the inlet opening and each also having amultiplicity of small orifices surrounding the aperture; means radiallyexterior of the orifices in said first plate closing the channel betweensaid wall and th first plate; means radially exterior of the orifices insaid second plate and closing the channel between said second plate andsaid disc, said casing having passage means therein for conducting mixedfuel from the channel between said plates to said outlet; whereby fuelis taken in through the inlet opening and the fuel from the channelsbetween the wall and the first plate and between the sec-- end plate andthe disc are injected into the fuel in the channel between the plates byway of said orifices, and the mixture is discharged through the outletopening.

JOHN P, HARRISON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,014,391 Hathcock Jan. 9, 19121,312,147 Wallwin Aug. 5, 1919 1,312,240 Ervin Aug. 5, 1919 1,471,704Palizza Oct. 23, 1923 1,595,995 Clefton Aug. 17, 1926 FOREIGN PATENTSNumber Country Date 9,019 Holland May 15, 1923

